Navigating Stressors, Symptoms and Diagnoses

Mental health is an essential component of overall health. Mental health challenges—from individual symptoms to diagnosed conditions—impact all children, adolescents and families.

Pediatricians are an important first resource for parents and caregivers who are worried about their child's emotional and behavioral health or who want to promote healthy mental development.

Mental Health Statistics

In 2021, the American Academy of Pediatrics, the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, and the Children’s Hospital Association declared a national emergency for children’s mental health and which persists to this day. Current children’s mental health data indicates the following: 

  • Nearly 20% of children aged 3-17 years have a mental, emotional, and behavioral disorder. 
  • Among children aged 3-17 years:
    • The rate of ever being diagnosed with anxiety concerns increased from 8.4% in 2016 to 11.1% in 2021, with an average annual change of 6%. 
    • The rate of ever being diagnosed with depression increased from 4.2% in 2016 to 5.4% in 2021, with an average annual change of 5.3% (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). 
  • Among children and adolescents ages 10- 24 years:
  • Treatment barriers and disparities persist. 

Supporting healthy mental development is a critical step in addressing the current crisis in child and adolescent mental health outcomes. Pediatricians are well-positioned to identify signs and symptoms of mental health conditions and provide appropriate care.  

AAP Recommendations

The AAP provides recommendations and guidelines to support pediatricians and other health professionals working to address mental health concerns and promote healthy mental development.

Mental Health Competencies for Pediatric Practice    Achieving the Pediatric Mental Health Competencies

View Additional Policies


AAP Healthy Mental Development Programs

Explore AAP programs for resources to support healthy mental development in pediatric settings.


Contact Us

The Mental Health Initiative welcomes your comments and questions. Please feel free to contact us.

Contact Us 

Mental Health Email List

Stay informed by joining the AAP Mental Health Initiatives group email list.

Podcasts and Voices Blogs

Learn what others are saying. Listen to our podcasts and read our blog posts.

Preventing Maltreatment of Children, Treating ADHD in the Medical Home – Episode 215

In this episode John Stirling, MD, FAAP, explains the guidance in The Pediatrician’s Role in Preventing Child Maltreatment: Clinical Report. Hosts David Hill, MD, FAAP, and Joanna Parga-Belinkie, MD, FAAP, also speak with Edward Curry, MD, FAAP, about diagnosing and treating ADHD in busy medical practices.

Pediatrics on Call

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August 27, 2024

Trauma-informed Care and Relational Health, Using AI in Pediatrics – Episode 214

In this episode R.J. Gillespie, MD, MHPE, FAAP, and Amy King, PhD, offer strategies for assessing relational health to provide trauma-informed care. Hosts David Hill, MD, FAAP, and Joanna Parga-Belinkie, MD, FAAP, also speak with Srinivasan Suresh, MD, MBA, FAAP, and Sanghamitra Misra, MD, MEd, FAAP, about using artificial intelligence and large language models responsibly in pediatric practice and education. 

Pediatrics on Call

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August 20, 2024

Food Allergies, Hospital Pediatrics Mental Health Special – Episode 202

In this episode David Stukus, MD, FAAP, and Rajitha Venkatesh, MD, MPH, FAAP, promote food allergy awareness with a conversation about new strategies for diagnosing and treating several conditions. Hosts David Hill, MD, FAAP, and Joanna Parga-Belinkie, MD, FAAP, also speak with Christopher Russell, MD, MS, FAAP, about a special issue of the journal Hospital Pediatrics, focusing on mental health.

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May 13, 2024

Supporting Families After the Death of a Child, Antidepressant Dispensing Disparities, Preventing Vaping – Ep. 198

In this episode Arwa Nasir, MBBS, MS, MPH, FAAP, chair of the AAP Committee on Psychosocial Aspects of Child and Family Health (COPACFH), describes a recent clinical report on supporting the family after the death of a child. Hosts David Hill, MD, FAAP, and Joanna Parga-Belinkie, MD, FAAP, also speak with Kao-Ping Chua, MD, PhD, FAAP, about his research on the dispensing of antidepressants to adolescents and young adults. And Lindy McGee, MD, FAAP, contributes a “Giving Voice” segment about e-cigarette use within the pediatric population.

Pediatrics on Call

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April 16, 2024

Identifying Suicide Risk, Food Insecurity Discrimination – Episode 187

In this episode Maria Rahmandar, MD, FAAP, explains ways pediatricians can identify suicide risk in adolescents. Hosts David Hill, MD, FAAP, and Joanna Parga-Belinkie, MD, FAAP, also talk with medical student Alexis Cacioppo about how food insecurity in caregivers can lead to discrimination.

Pediatrics on Call

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January 16, 2025

Mental and Behavioral Health Emergencies, Medical Debriefing – Episode 169

In this episode Lois K. Lee, MD, MPH, FAAP, FACEP, and Mohsen Saidinejad, MD, MBA FAAP, talk about the new policy statement and technical report on mental and behavioral health emergencies. Hosts David Hill, MD, FAAP, and Joanna Parga-Belinkie, MD, FAAP, also speak with Maya Neeley, MD, FAAP, about the best ways to debrief trainees after clinical encounters. 

Pediatrics on Call

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August 22, 2023

Last Updated

04/14/2025

Source

American Academy of Pediatrics